Steering Systems

Steering Systems

Steering is the term applied to the collection of linkages, gears, and other things which all allow a vehicle to follow a desired course. The concept is similar for trucks and cars. The biggest difference between the steering system for an 18-wheeler is that it is much less responsive than a car and much more difficult.

Modern cars and trucks use rack and pinion steering mechanisms. In this type of system, the steering wheel turns the pinion gear. The pinion is responsible for moving the rack. The rack is a linear gear that meshes with the pinion, converting circular motion into linear motion along the transverse axis of the car (side to side motion). This motion applies steering torque to the kingpins of the steered wheels via tie rods and a short lever arm called the steering arm.

Rack and pinion design has the huge advantage of a large degree of feedback and direct steering "feel." In addition, it does not normally have any backlash or slack. The biggest disadvantage of this steering system is that the rack and pinion system is not adjustable. This means that when the steering system wears out and develop lash, the only way to fix it is completely replacing the system.

Older steering systems use the recirculating ball mechanism. This system is still found on trucks and utility vehicles. It is a variation of the even older worm and sector design. The steering column turns a large screw, or the "worm gear" which meshes with a sector of a gear. This causes it to rotate about its axis as the worm gear is turned. An arm is attached to the axis of the sector which moves the pitman arm. The pitman arm is connected to the steering linkage and steers the wheels.

The recirculating ball version of the apparatus reduces the considerable friction by placing large ball bearings between the teeth of the worm and those of the screw. The balls exit from between the two pieces into a channel internal to the box which connects them with the other end of the apparatus and so they are recirculated.

The recirculating ball mechanism has the distinct advantage of a much greater mechanical advantage. This made it present on larger, heavier vehicles. With the universal adoption of power steering, however, this is no longer as important. The recirculating ball design has a perceptible lash or "dead spot" on center. This means that when the wheel is centered, a minute turn of the steering wheel in either direction does not move the steering apparatus.

For more information on the hazards of truck systems, please visit http://www.truckaccident-lawyers.com

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2008 BMW M5 Start Up, Exhaust, and In Depth Tour

2008 BMW M5 Start Up, Exhaust, and In Depth Tour Video Clips.

In thisvideo I give a full in depth tour of the 2008 BMW M5. I take viewers on a close look through the interior and exterior of this car while showing details, over viewing of features, and noting unique styling cues to the vehicle itself. I also show the engine and the details of it, start it up and see how it sounds under acceleration. A thorough tour/review of this car designed to give others a greater overall appreciation of the vehicle. Thanks a lot to Hendrick BMW of Charlotte, NC for allowing me to film this video! For more info on this car as well as others visit www.hendrickbmw.com

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Marine Diesels From Air Filters to Exhaust Systems

Marine Diesels From Air Filters to Exhaust Systems

Fuel by itself is of no use whatsoever: it needs oxygen from the air outside in order to burn. At the most basic level, this happens its own accord: as the piston falls during the induction stroke, air rushes in past the open inlet valve to fill the expanding space. Then, when the compression and power strokes are complete, the exhaust valve opens and the rising piston pushes the exhaust gas out ready for a fresh charge of clean air.

In practice, though, the engine needs an air filter to stop dirt, moisture and bits of rubbish being sucked into its cylinders, and needs an exhaust system to dispose of the hot exhaust gases safely and quietly. To save having a separate filter and exhaust pipe for each cylinder of a multi-cylinder engine the incoming air is fed to the cylinders through tubular structures called inlet manifolds, and the exhaust gases are carried away through similar structures called the exhaust manifolds.

Air filters

Unlike their cousins that power tractors and earth-moving machinery, marine diesels usually operate in a relatively clean environment: there's little danger of them having to contend with straw, dust or roadside litter. This means that their air filters can be relatively simple, so some engines operate perfectly well for years with little more than a metal box with a few baffles in it.

Most, however, have something a little more sophisticated, involving either wire gauze or porous paper.

Paper tends to restrict the air flow, so to make up for this its area has to be increased by being folded into a concertina shape. It's also difficult to clean, so once a paper filter becomes clogged it has to be replaced with a new one.

Wire gauze doesn't restrict the air flow as much, but it is less effective because the gaps between the strands of wire are bigger than those between the fibres of paper. To counter this problem - and to minimise corrosion - wire gauze filters need to be dipped in oil from time to time, so that dust sticks to them instead of passing straight through.

Exhaust systems

When it comes to exhaust systems, the boot is on the other foot: road vehicles and agricultural machinery have an easy time of it. Their engines are in compartments that are open to the atmosphere but sealed away from their drivers and passengers, so all that's required is a pipe connected to the exhaust manifold, with a few baffles to reduce the noise. A few marine installations adopt a similar 'dry' exhaust system, usually in the form of an exhaust pipe sticking straight up from the engine compartment, with a weighted flap to stop rain or spray running down inside and heat resistant lagging to minimise the risk of fire or burns.

For pleasure craft, though, wet exhaust systems are pretty well standard, with water from the engine's cooling system used to cool the exhaust gas. The water is mixed with the exhaust gas in the injection bend, where it almost immediately turns into steam but in doing so reduces the temperature of the exhaust gases from almost 500° C to about 70° C - cool enough to allow flexible tubing and GRP to be used for the rest of the exhaust system.

At that reduced temperature, the steam condenses back into water. That is why the mixing takes place in a bend: it protects the engine against the possibility of the cooling water running back through the system and into the cylinders.

If the engine is below the waterline, or very close to it, however, the injection bend alone is not enough: there's a danger that water already in the exhaust might set up a siphon effect that would allow sea water from outside to make its way back through the exhaust system and into the engine. To stop this, many boats have an extra loop in the exhaust system, known as a swan-neck. To guard against the possibility of waves pushing water up the exhaust pipe, some boats have a one-way flap covering the end of the pipe where it emerges from the hull; on some sailing yachts you may even find a hand-operated gate valve that seals the exhaust pipe completely when the engine is not being used.

The vital thing about any exhaust system that it must not restrict the flow of exhaust gases beyond a certain limit, because if exhaust can't get out of the cylinders, there will be no room for fresh air to get in. The effect is exactly the same as if the air filter were clogged: starved of oxygen, the engine will not be able to burn its fuel, so it will lose power and produce black smoke.

More power

Any engine is simply a device for converting the energy released from burning fuel into mechanical power. None of them are very good at it: well over 60 per cent of energy released from the fuel is expended as heat and vibration, rather than as use mechanical work. Engine designers are continually working to improve efficiency but the fact remains that the power an engine can produce will always be limited by the rate at which it can burn fuel.

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Evosport E60 M5 Meisterschaft Exhaust

Evosport E60 M5 Meisterschaft Exhaust On YouTube.

Hearing is believing.

Keywords: M5, Exhaust, Meisterschaft

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Husqvarna CH Racing Team 2011. LeoVince - Prototyping and Dyno on Husqvarna TE 250

Husqvarna CH Racing Team 2011. LeoVince - Prototyping and Dyno on Husqvarna TE 250 Video Clips.

ITA - Sviluppo nuovo scarico 2011 per il team ufficiale Husqvarna CH Racing del Mondiale Enduro E1 - Husqvarna TE 250. www.leovince.com ENG - Developing new 2011 exhaust system for the official Husqvarna CH Racing Team of Enduro E1 World Championship - Husqvarna TE 250. www.leovince.com FRA - Développer de nouvelles échappement 2011 pour l'équipe officielle Husqvarna CH Racing du Championnat du Monde Enduro E1 - Husqvarna TE 250. www.leovince.com ESP - Desarrollo de nuevas escape de 2011 para el equipo oficial Husqvarna CH Racing del Mundial de Enduro E1 - Husqvarna TE 250. www.leovince.com

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Car Exhaust System

Car Exhaust System

Every combustion process results in a waste product. This is also true when it comes to the fuel combustion process inside the engines of the cars. While most overlook the exhaust system of the car considering it to be the isolated pipe coming out from the back of a transportation vehicle, it has one of the most crucial jobs to perform to increase the performance and the life of one's vehicle. If the exhaust system of the car or any other vehicle is not working efficiently, it will cause damage to the engine and even more to the valuable lives in the car.

The chemical compositions of the gases that are expelled are harmful to the health of the humans hence, it is important to keep the exhaust systems of the vehicles working in an optimum condition. In most of the vehicles the manifold of the exhaust system is responsible for collecting the toxic fumes and channel them into tubing towards the back of the car. But over the years it has been proven that such a system for the exhaust system of the cars is very inefficient and hence new ways were sought as a solution to effective management of the exhausting process.

One of the best safety tips that should be kept in mind when traveling is to ensure that the windows are rolled down to a fraction of the distance so that it allows the air to be ventilated from the cabin of the car. The reason for this safety tip to be observed is that one of the deadliest waste gases that can be produced by the car combustion process is carbon monoxide, which is a colorless and an odorless gas. Thus, by ensuring that the windows are slightly opened the travellers can secure not only their own safety but, that of their loved ones as well.

For efficient exhausting of the car one can also opt for the headers. However, this option is usually preferred by those who do not have a limited budget as the headers can prove to be expensive and might have to be customized according to the needs of the car. The header helps in even and prompt exhaustion away from the engine with the help of its consistent pipes. Whichever exhaustion system one selects it is pertinent to get the exhaust system inspected on annual basis. One can perform this task themselves as well and look for any traces of corrosion, leakages, or any other type of damage and get the system repaired accordingly, to ensure the performance of their cars and the safety of their families.

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1999 Honda Valkyrie Cobra bankrupt upgrade

1999 Honda Valkyrie Cobra bankrupt upgrade On YouTube.

From stock exhaust to a Cobra Drag Pipes.

Tags: Honda, Valkyrie, Cobra, exhaust, upgrade, stock, Roseville, California

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